General Information

  • ID:  hor000788
  • Uniprot ID:  P10645
  • Protein name:  GE-25
  • Gene name:  CHGA
  • Organism:  Homo sapiens (Human)
  • Family:  Chromogranin/secretogranin protein family
  • Source:  Human
  • Expression:  GE-25 is found in the brain.
  • Disease:  Diseases associated with CHGA include Acinar Cell Carcinoma and Neuroendocrine Carcinoma.
  • Comments:  NA
  • Taxonomy:  Homo (genus), Homininae (subfamily), Hominidae (family), Hominoidea (superfamily), Catarrhini (parvorder), Simiiformes (infraorder), Haplorrhini (suborder), Primates (order), Euarchontoglires (superorder), Boreoeutheria, Eutheria, Theria, Mammalia (class), Amniota, Tetrapoda, Dipnotetrapodomorpha, Sarcopterygii (superclass), Euteleostomi, Teleostomi, Gnathostomata, Vertebrata, Craniata (subphylum), Chordata (phylum), Deuterostomia, Bilateria, Eumetazoa, Metazoa (kingdom), Opisthokonta, Eukaryota (superkingdom), cellular organisms
  • GO MF:  NA
  • GO BP:  GO:0002026 regulation of the force of heart contraction; GO:0002551 mast cell chemotaxis; GO:0006996 organelle organization; GO:0008217 regulation of blood pressure; GO:0031640 killing of cells of another organism; GO:0033366 protein localization to secretory granule; GO:0033604 negative regulation of catecholamine secretion; GO:0042742 defense response to bacterium; GO:0043303 mast cell degranulation; GO:0045087 innate immune response; GO:0045576 mast cell activation; GO:0046676 negative regulation of insulin secretion; GO:0050829 defense response to Gram-negative bacterium; GO:0050830 defense response to Gram-positive bacterium; GO:0050832 defense response to fungus; GO:0060452 positive regulation of cardiac muscle contraction; GO:0071880 adenylate cyclase-activating adrenergic receptor signaling pathway; GO:0086030 adenylate cyclase-activating adrenergic receptor signaling pathway involved in cardiac muscle relaxation; GO:1900738 positive regulation of phospholipase C-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway; GO:1901899 positive regulation of relaxation of cardiac muscle; GO:2000707 positive regulation of dense core granule biogenesis
  • GO CC:  GO:0005576 extracellular region; GO:0005615 extracellular space; GO:0030133 transport vesicle; GO:0030141 secretory granule; GO:0031410 cytoplasmic vesicle; GO:0042583 chromaffin granule; GO:0048471 perinuclear region of cytoplasm; GO:0098992 neuronal dense core vesicle

Sequence Information

  • Sequence:  LPVNSPMNKGDTEVMKCIVEVISDTLSKPSPMPVSQECFETLRGDERILSILRHQNLLKELQDLALQGAKERAHQQ
  • Length:  76
  • Propeptide:  MRSAAVLALLLCAGQVTALPVNSPMNKGDTEVMKCIVEVISDTLSKPSPMPVSQECFETLRGDERILSILRHQNLLKELQDLALQGAKERAHQQKKHSGFEDELSEVLENQSSQAELKEAVEEPSSKDVMEKREDSKEAEKSGEATDGARPQALPEPMQESKAEGNNQAPGEEEEEEEEATNTHPPASLPSQKYPGPQAEGDSEGLSQGLVDREKGLSAEPGWQAKREEEEEEEEEAEAGEEAVPEEEGPTVVLNPHPSLGYKEIRKGESRSEALAVDGAGKPGAEEAQDPEGKGEQEHSQQKEEEEEMAVVPQGLFRGGKSGELEQEEERLSKEWEDSKRWSKMDQLAKELTAEKRLEGQEEEEDNRDSSMKLSFRARAYGFRGPGPQLRRGWRPSSREDSLEAGLPLQVRGYPEEKKEEEGSANRRPEDQELESLSAIEAELEKVAHQLQALRRG
  • Signal peptide:  MRSAAVLALLLCAGQVTA
  • Modification:  NA
  • Glycosylation:  NA
  • Mutagenesis:  NA

Activity

  • Function:  [Pancreastatin]: Strongly inhibits glucose induced insulin release from the pancreas.; [Catestatin]: Inhibits catecholamine release from chromaffin cells and noradrenergic neurons by acting as a non-competitive nicotinic cholinergic antagonist (PubMed:15326220). Displays antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria S.aureus and M.luteus, and Gram-negative bacteria E.coli and P.aeruginosa (PubMed:15723172, PubMed:24723458). Can induce mast cell migration, degranulation and production of cytokines and chemokines (PubMed:21214543). Acts as a potent scavenger of free radicals in vitro (PubMed:24723458). May play a role in the regulation of cardiac function and blood pressure (PubMed:18541522).
  • Mechanism:  Binds calcium with a low-affinity.
  • Cross BBB:  NA
  • Target:  NA
  • Target Unid:  NA
  • IC50: NA
  • EC50: NA
  • ED50: NA
  • kd: NA
  • Half life: NA

Structure

  • Disulfide bond:  17-38
  • Structure ID:  AF-P10645-F1(AlphaFold_DB_ID)

  • Structure: (PDB_ID-from https://www.rcsb.org/; AlphaFold_DB_ID-from https://alphafold.ebi.ac.uk/; hordbxxxxxx_AF2.pdb was predicted structure by AlphaFold2; hordbxxxxxx_ESM.pdb was predicted structure by ESMFold)
    •    hor000788_AF2.pdbhor000788_ESM.pdb

Physical Information

Mass: 989383 Formula: C368H614N106O117S5
Absent amino acids: WY Common amino acids: L
pI: 5.67 Basic residues: 11
Polar residues: 17 Hydrophobic residues: 23
Hydrophobicity: -44.87 Boman Index: -15065
Half-Life: 5.5 hour Half-Life Yeast: 3 min
Half-Life E.Coli: 2 min Aliphatic Index 94.87
Instability Index: 6641.58 Extinction Coefficient cystines: 125
Absorbance 280nm: 1.67

Literature

  • PubMed ID:  12442257
  • Title:  Molecular Characterization of Immunoreactivities of Peptides Derived From Chromogranin A (GE-25) and From Secretogranin II (Secretoneurin) in Human and Bovine Cerebrospinal Fluid